Improvement in mortising-and-tenoning machine



,HENRY"D`.-s'roynn,

o RNnW YORK, N. Y.

Letters 'Patent .N o. 83,671, dated Nove/mbar 3, V15568.

. nl' MORTISING-AND-TENONING- MACHINE.

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The Schedule referred to :In these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

Know all monty these presents:

That I, HENRY D.v STOVER, of the city, county, and vState of New York, have invented-a new and useful Improvement in Machines for Mortising Aand Tenoning Wood, whereby much time and labor are saved; and I do hereby declare the following to be a clear and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and letters of reference thereon, which form a part of my specification, andin which- Figure 1, sheet 1, represents a side elevation of the combined machine for mortisingV and tenonng.

Figure 2, sheet 2, a plan, as seen in looking down upon said machine. j

Figures 3 and 4, sheet 2, are views in detail of the method of working the throwof the mortising-tool.

Figures 5, 6, and 7, sheet 3, are views of the same machine where itis arranged for cutting gains in tim.- ber, as shown at Figure 8 of same sheet.

Like letters refer to like parts in each ofthe drawings.

4 A and A represent the foundation-bed of the maf chine, soconstructed as to support both machines in such proximity to each other as that both may be driven from the same counter-shaft, as indicated-4 by the red hues at B, iig. 1, sheet 1.

i The most prominent feature of my invention relates to the method of graduating the throw ofthe mortising-tool, which "is accomplished by means 'of two friction-disks, O audO, being operated alternately, as

desired, by means. of the rack d d, pinion D on shaft E, which ismoved back and forth by the lever F, .either by the hand or foot,f said disks, by the movementsof. said pinion, lbeing brought in contact with the'perimeter of a friction-wheel, g, which has upon its axle a bevel-pinion, that operatesthe screw 1t,-

.which works through the slide d, that cam'es the -as that they can be moved to and from the timber to be Worked; and also, by the introduction of a third cutter, at a right angle to the, other two, a double tenon maybe formed,Y as shown at z, sheet l. i

Again, I can readily so adjust the cutter-heads,

.either by removing one or more of them, as shown at iig. 7, sheet 3, 'as that the machine will be well adapted for cutting or forming gains or notches in'timber, as shown at g. 8, sheet 3.

Based upon the idea that every mortise requires a tenon, I have combined the machines for performing these two operations, on one and the same bed, thereby p saving much space in the shop, and-permitting the.

same operatives to attend both machines.

Having premised, in a very general manner, some of the leading points in lthis invention,-I will now pro'- ceed to describe the parts in detail, whereof j v A and A represent, as already remarked, the bed or frame for both machines.

B, the driving-shaft, which communicates motion to both, by the direct and quarter belts, as indicated in iig. 1, sheet 1. j f

H is the name or bed that supports thetimber to be mortised, and it is supported upon and is capable of being raised or lowered, by the twoscrews s s, to which motion is given by the bevel-wheels on shaitt.

These two screws being driven by the one shaftl will carry the bed either upwardsA or downwardsin a perfectly parallel or level position.

The bed H is also capable of being. moved inward or outwards from the machine, as desired.

Kv is the support and guide for carrying ythe tool T, said tool being operated bya pitman, P, the lower end of which is connected withv the crank-pin m, in the sliding stock d, which is' driven to or from the centre, as already described, for the purpose of increasing or diminishing the throw or motion of the tool T. u

`Many devices have been planned for graduating the throw 'of the tool or chisel in mortisiixgfmachines, but I am convinced that this is the most complete and durable of any device as, yet given to the public, and it is also so easily operated, that the workmen usingv such machines prefer it to all other devices.

The tenoninghattachments are `mounted upon the sliding bed L, which works in a rebatey in the com# bined bed-plate A andv A', best shown at L, iig. 6, sheet 3.

Upon the inner end of said `bed L, in suitable bearings, is the driving-shaft S, which gives motion to the cutters by means of belts, indicated by the red lines in fig. 1, sheet 1.

The cutterfheadsare of the ordinary form, but mounted at the extremity of two arms, whose opposite ends are attached around the driving-shaft S, thereby holding said cutters at all times, the same distance from the driving-pulley.

These arms are adjusted and held to any position, by means of the binding-screws and slotted stud, as shown at pp, iigs..1 and 7 This arrangement permits the adjustment of the cutters to any space desired for the various sizes of tenons, and, as so arranged, will-form the single tenon, as shown at z, sheet 1.

But, upon the same bed L, and upon an adustable bracket at x, I have introduced another cutter-head, in such relation to the other two; as that, by simply sliding the bed L further forward, after the rst two cutters have. done their work, a' double tenon will be formed, asshown at z, sheet 1.

By the same machine also, when arranged as shown at fig. 7 sheet 3, where only one of the cutter-heads is retained in working-position, I am enabled to form gains or notches, as shown at fig. 8 of sheet 3.

This is a most admirable advantage in the framing of heavy timbers, as in car and bridge-building, and from the fact that .it is much easier to adjust the cutters to the Work, than to shift such large masses to and from the. machines, as is now done in all other machines with which I am acquainted.

I do not claim the method of' cutting one'or more tenons, by means of circular rows, as that has been done by C. P. S. Wardwell, and is shown in his patent, No. 11,625, of August 29, 1854; but

What I do claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-l- 1. The bed-plate A and A', when so constructed that the cutter-heads may be Worked back and forth, Y

or to and from the work, substantially as described.

2. Varying the throw or motion of the chisel in mortising-machines, by means .of the friction-disks G and C', when arranged substantially as described.l

3. The cutter-heads, attached to levers N and N, in combination with cutter-head x, when constlucted and arranged as described, for the purpose set forth. 4. Mounting a cutter-head upon the adjustable lever N, attached to the sliding bed L, so that gains or notches may be readily formed iu heavy timbers, substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

H. D. STOVER. Witnesses:

J. BOYD ELLIOTT, GEORGE H. RHODES. 

